Atomic Radii
Atomic Radius
Bohr Radius
Covalent Radius
Van der Waals
| Germanium | |
| Electron Configuration | 2,8,18,4 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2 |
| Electronegativity | 2.01 |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 34.7 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 327.6 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 23.222 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 60.2 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 6.0 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Magnetic ordering | No data |
| Speed of sound | 5400 m s-1 |
| Mohs hardness | 6.0 |
| Atomic Radii |
|
| Atomic Radius
|
125 pm |
| Bohr Radius
|
125 pm |
| Covalent Radius
|
122 pm |
| Van der Waals
|
0 pm |
| Oxidation States |
|
| Main
|
Ge+2, Ge+4 |
| Other
|
|
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1)  |
|
| M - M+ |
762.1 |
| M+ - M2+ |
1537 |
| M2+ - M3+ |
3302 |
| M3+ - M4+ |
4410 |
| M4+ - M5+ |
9020 |
| M5+ - M6+ |
11900 |
| M6+ - M7+ |
15000 |
| M7+ - M8+ |
18200 |
| M8+ - M9+ |
21800 |
| M9+ - M10+ |
27000 |
| Covalent Bonds (kJ mol-1) |
|
| Ge-H
|
288 |
| Ge-C
|
237 |
| Ge-O
|
363 |
| Ge-F
|
464 |
| Ge-Cl
|
340 |
| Ge-Ge
|
163 |